Authors: None

Abstract:

Keywords:

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3182/20070213-3-CU-2913.00001

Conference: 8th IFAC Symposium on Cost Oriented Automation, 2007

Location: , Cuba

Start Date: Tue Feb 13 2007 - End Date: Thu Feb 15 2007

Page Numbers: c1-c1

Authors: A. Crespo; P. Albertos; J. Simo

Abstract: Embedded systems are becoming more and more popular in a wide range of applications such as industrial control systems, avionics, health care, environment, security, mechanics. The development of the hardware and software for these systems require appropriate design, analysis and development tools. The underlying architecture also plays and important role. Special design related challenges come from the specialisation and customisation of target platforms in their use for embedded systems. The challenge is to maintain some degree of exibility to increase the reuse of hardware and software components. The use of many disciplines and the heterogeneity of applied technologies are the last but not the least important factors in making the design of embedded systems special. There are several cooperating areas of knowledge involved in the development of embedded systems, starting with requirements capture and leading to implementation, using tools and methods to ensure satisfactory levels of productivity and quality. Areas as modelling to organise and validate the system requirements, real-time to determine and analyse the critical or exible temporal constraints, compilers and timing analysis to generate the code with the appropriate properties and to estimate execution time and energy, execution support to offer a execution platform and operating system with the needed services to guarantee the requirement fulfilment, networking to design of distributed co-operating embedded systems, and control to provide the techniques and methods to use embedded systems in the control industry. This paper analyses these areas showing the current trends and pointed out the main aspects that are recognised as important by scientific and experts of the field.

Keywords: embedded systems,embedded control systems,real-time,operating systems

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3182/20070213-3-CU-2913.00006

Conference: 8th IFAC Symposium on Cost Oriented Automation, 2007

Location: , Cuba

Start Date: Tue Feb 13 2007 - End Date: Thu Feb 15 2007

Page Numbers: 25-32

Authors: A. Gonzalez; A. Crespo; J. Simo; I. Ripoll; M. Masmano

Abstract: Many computer-controlled systems are distributed, consisting of computer nodes and a communication network connecting the various systems. It is not uncommon for the sensor, actuator, and control calculations to reside on different nodes. Wireless connections permit to apply these control systems in a wide spectrum of application and environments. In this paper, we describe the development process of small, low cost and powerful embedded systems based on open source kernels and Zigbee protocol. The development is based on a small, customisable and embeddable real-time kernel called eRTL. eRTL is a RTLinux-GPL version kernel wich is deployed without the Linux kernel. Wireless communication are provided by means of a communication architecture by means of a algorithm of communication. This protocol schedules the packet data using a policy called EDF (Earliest Deadline First) which assigns priorities taking into account temporal. An example of a network sensor is build to illustrate the use of the architecture.

Keywords: real-time control,embedded systems,networked embedded systems,wireless protocols

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3182/20070213-3-CU-2913.00035

Conference: 8th IFAC Symposium on Cost Oriented Automation, 2007

Location: , Cuba

Start Date: Tue Feb 13 2007 - End Date: Thu Feb 15 2007

Page Numbers: 204-210

Authors: A. Valera; M. Weiss; M. Valles; J. L. Diez

Abstract: Nowadays, increasing the efficiency of technical processes is center of investigation in many fields of engineering as, in this way, the use of raw materials and costs can be dropped. Here, control engineering plays an important role to achieve these objectives by stabilizing, speeding up the desired processes and making them more precise. In control engineering, practical work is of high importance. However, the cost of experimental platforms uses to be very high. So, it is quite difficult to have a reduced control engineers per platforms ratio. First, this work will present a low-cost autonomous vehicle laboratory experiment. The laboratory is based on LEGO Minsdstorms vehicles equipped with a new communications system based on a Bluetooth-to-infrared adaptor. After that, the paper will deal with the trajectory control of these vehicles.

Keywords: control applications,computer control,robot control,Kalman filter,control architecture

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3182/20070213-3-CU-2913.00034

Conference: 8th IFAC Symposium on Cost Oriented Automation, 2007

Location: , Cuba

Start Date: Tue Feb 13 2007 - End Date: Thu Feb 15 2007

Page Numbers: 198-203

Authors: Alberto Aguado Behar

Abstract: In the present paper, an experimental method based on genetic algorithms for the closed loop parameter tuning of discrete PID regulators, is presented. Starting with the closed loop step response, the parameters of an approximated second order discrete model are identified in a first stage and after, the PID parameters which result in a significant response improvement, are determined. In both stages, a procedure based on genetic algorithms is used to find the optimal solutions. A simulated example of the proposed method is presented in this paper.

Keywords: PID regulator tuning,genetic algorithms

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3182/20070213-3-CU-2913.00043

Conference: 8th IFAC Symposium on Cost Oriented Automation, 2007

Location: , Cuba

Start Date: Tue Feb 13 2007 - End Date: Thu Feb 15 2007

Page Numbers: 250-255

Authors: Alberto Aguado Behar; Alfredo Gomez Infante; Abelardo del Pozo Quintero

Abstract: This paper presents a new solution to the model based predictive control problem whose main innovative characteristic is the use of a genetic algorithm to minimize the objective function which expresses the desired behavior for the control loop. This is a highly versatile approach because it permits the use of an objective function that is not necessarily quadratic and also the efficient introduction of constraints in both the control and controlled variables. Some preliminary results of this approach, obtained via a simulation study, are discussed.

Keywords: predictive control,genetic algorithms

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3182/20070213-3-CU-2913.00046

Conference: 8th IFAC Symposium on Cost Oriented Automation, 2007

Location: , Cuba

Start Date: Tue Feb 13 2007 - End Date: Thu Feb 15 2007

Page Numbers: 268-273

Authors: Boris Martinez; Jesus Fernandez; Erick Marichal; Francisco Herrera

Abstract: This paper presents an approach for online Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy models generation, which can be applied for nonlinear systems identification. The algorithm combines a proposed on-line clustering technique with least squares methods. Both the structure and parameters of the fuzzy system are updated on line. The new clustering method for the structure identification can divide input-output data into different groups (rules) using on line data. After the rules are determined, the consequent parameters are tuned by using least squares estimators.

Keywords: fuzzy modelling,Takagi-Sugeno models,on-line clustering,on-line identification

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3182/20070213-3-CU-2913.00044

Conference: 8th IFAC Symposium on Cost Oriented Automation, 2007

Location: , Cuba

Start Date: Tue Feb 13 2007 - End Date: Thu Feb 15 2007

Page Numbers: 256-261

Authors: Dominique Sauter; Christophe Aubrun; Shanbin Li

Abstract: The effect of network-induced delays introduced into the control loop is modelled as time-varying disturbance. A fault isolation filter (FIF) for fault detection of multiple input multiple output (MIMO) networked control systems (NCSs) with multiple faults is then parameterized. Directional residual generations decoupling from the disturbance ensure the treatment of multiple faults appearing simultaneously or sequentially. The remaining degrees of freedom in the design of the filter's gain are used to satisfy an H∞ disturbance attenuation and poles assignment constraints in the frame of Markov jump linear systems (MJLS). The sufficient existence conditions of the free parameters are formulated as a convex optimization problem over a couple of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). An illustrative example is given to show the efficiency of the proposed method for NCS.

Keywords: networked control systems,fault isolation filter,jump linear systems

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3182/20070213-3-CU-2913.00026

Conference: 8th IFAC Symposium on Cost Oriented Automation, 2007

Location: , Cuba

Start Date: Tue Feb 13 2007 - End Date: Thu Feb 15 2007

Page Numbers: 154-159

Authors: Edoardo Mosca; Marco Baldini; Pietro Tesi

Abstract: A predictive switching logic scheme is considered whereby a feedback-gain is switched-on at any time from a family of candidate feedback-gains so as to control a discrete-time LTI system possibly subject to joint positional and incremental input saturations. An example on the use of the technique in a hard disk drive control context is considered.

Keywords: switching control,predictive control,control of input-saturated systems,anti-windup control,nonlinear control

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3182/20070213-3-CU-2913.00045

Conference: 8th IFAC Symposium on Cost Oriented Automation, 2007

Location: , Cuba

Start Date: Tue Feb 13 2007 - End Date: Thu Feb 15 2007

Page Numbers: 262-267

Authors: F. M. Schaf; A. C. Assis; C. E. Pereira; C. L. Reichert; F. Campana; I. A. Krakheche

Abstract: This work presents a virtual learning environment whic uses a distributed mixed reality remote experiment for professional education in the area of Mechatronics. The proposed collaborative environment makes use of the system named deriveSERVER, whic has been developed by the Bremen University, and extends it, in order to allow the integration wit remote hardware or software used by the students. The remote experiment will be used to enhance lessons used in SENAI-RS, a vocational education institution in southern Brazil, enabling the development of collaborative projects among students at different SENAI sites.

Keywords: remote control,control engineering,learning systems,virtual reality,pneumatic systems,process automation

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3182/20070213-3-CU-2913.00021

Conference: 8th IFAC Symposium on Cost Oriented Automation, 2007

Location: , Cuba

Start Date: Tue Feb 13 2007 - End Date: Thu Feb 15 2007

Page Numbers: 120-125

Authors: F. W. Bruns; H.-H. Erbe; D. Muller

Abstract: Research results of improving remote collaboration are presented. Individual, social and cultural aspects are considered as new requirements on the employees of networked and extended enterprises. New developments on cost-effective connections are providing not only vision and auditory perception but also haptic perception.

Keywords: e-learning,simulation,remote experiments,hyper-bonds,distributed workspaces,CAVE

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3182/20070213-3-CU-2913.00019

Conference: 8th IFAC Symposium on Cost Oriented Automation, 2007

Location: , Cuba

Start Date: Tue Feb 13 2007 - End Date: Thu Feb 15 2007

Page Numbers: 108-113

Authors: Florian Weiler; Jan Plath

Abstract: This paper presents a new approach for calculating a development of an undevelopable surface using a particle system. An undevelopable surface is any surface that cannot be flattened into a map without stretching, tearing, or compressing itself, as for example the surface of a sphere. While geometry based algorithms for solving this problem usually introduce large distortions to the development, the technique presented here allows calculating a development with minimal distortion. The technique was developed to enable automatic calculation of 3d-models of made to measure shoes based solely on the CAD-/CAM-data used for construction and production. It is embedded into a web-based process-chain which aims at reducing the costs for manufacturing custom-sized shoes, and thus supporting traditional shoe-makers.

Keywords: computer-aided design,computer-aided manufacturing,computational geometry,process-automation

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3182/20070213-3-CU-2913.00049

Conference: 8th IFAC Symposium on Cost Oriented Automation, 2007

Location: , Cuba

Start Date: Tue Feb 13 2007 - End Date: Thu Feb 15 2007

Page Numbers: 286-291

Authors: H. Erbe; B. Iung; G. Morel

Abstract: Minimizing the downtime of machines and equipment and thereby enhancing the overall performance of a production system is a challenge to researchers and practioners. Maintenance strategies consider Cost, Reliability, Availability, Maintainability, and Productivity, i.e. the performance, of any equipment and associated applications. It necessitates a holistic approach for integrating views and evaluations, not only of the systems themselves, but also for their mutual interactions and their interactions with the environment. Advanced maintenance models and services are candidates for cost savings. They integrate information processing and the processing of physical objects. After reviewing classical maintenance approaches next - generation maintenance strategies are presented.

Keywords: maintenance strategies,maintenance models and services,e-maintenance,probabilistic prognostics,life cycle engineering

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3182/20070213-3-CU-2913.00023

Conference: 8th IFAC Symposium on Cost Oriented Automation, 2007

Location: , Cuba

Start Date: Tue Feb 13 2007 - End Date: Thu Feb 15 2007

Page Numbers: 130-141

Authors: Hamideh Afsarmanesh; Luis M. Camarinha-Matos

Abstract: The need for collaboration among heterogeneous and autonomous organizations has manifested in a wide variety of domains and application areas. Many of these cases represent collaboration among organizations from different disciplines and sectors. Unlike earlier approaches, today both research and practice have concluded that the most efficient manner to dynamically create VOs, is through the pre-existence of long term strategic alliances of organizations that act as the breeding environment for VOs. Virtual organization Breeding Environments (VBEs) are strategic alliances that provide necessary conditions and supporting mechanisms for fluid cost/time effective brokerage of VOs. This paper identifies the main distinguishing characteristics of the VBEs, and addresses the challenges involved in defining a VBE typology.

Keywords: virtual organizations,collaborative networks,virtual enterprises,breeding environment

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3182/20070213-3-CU-2913.00008

Conference: 8th IFAC Symposium on Cost Oriented Automation, 2007

Location: , Cuba

Start Date: Tue Feb 13 2007 - End Date: Thu Feb 15 2007

Page Numbers: 43-48

Authors: He-xuan Hu; Anne-lise Gehin; Mireille Bayart

Abstract: The fault diagnosis is a real requirement or the low cost automation as it can detect any system's ault and avoid the accompanying lost o productivity. We propose in this paper a decentralized ault diagnosis approach in order to reduce the complexity of the model proposed by centralized ault diagnosis approaches, which increases exponentially with the number of system's components. This allows reducing the expensive exploitation cost.

Keywords: discrete-event systems,decentralized model,fault diagnosis

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3182/20070213-3-CU-2913.00024

Conference: 8th IFAC Symposium on Cost Oriented Automation, 2007

Location: , Cuba

Start Date: Tue Feb 13 2007 - End Date: Thu Feb 15 2007

Page Numbers: 142-147

Authors: Heinz-H. Erbe

Abstract:

Keywords:

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3182/20070213-3-CU-2913.00002

Conference: 8th IFAC Symposium on Cost Oriented Automation, 2007

Location: , Cuba

Start Date: Tue Feb 13 2007 - End Date: Thu Feb 15 2007

Page Numbers: ---

Authors: I. Benitez; J. R. Sicchar; A. Sudria; O. Gomis; J. R. Silva; E. Avila; F. V. Roldan

Abstract: Integrated automation is increase the roll in modern industrial management, but is increase the cost of this high level of automation too. One example is the Flexible Manufacture Systems (FMS) automation. There are many ways to create an integrated automation in an FMS, but only one is low cost optimized. In this paper is presented a formal methodology with extended hierarchical Petri Nets (PN) GHENeSys IEC61131 compatible to obtain the high level automation required with low cost of projection, implementation, maintenance and process operation. Two examples are exposed one of them in EST-UEA laboratory and other in industrial pole of Manaus (AM, Brazil).

Keywords: mechatronic system,flexible manufacturing system,robotic,Petri net modeling

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3182/20070213-3-CU-2913.00028

Conference: 8th IFAC Symposium on Cost Oriented Automation, 2007

Location: , Cuba

Start Date: Tue Feb 13 2007 - End Date: Thu Feb 15 2007

Page Numbers: 166-170

Authors: Ihosvany Alvarez-Lopez; Orestes Llanes-Santiago; Jose L. Verdegay

Abstract: In this work an open development environment oriented to the specification, verification and synthesis of low cost fuzzy controllers is presented. This CAD tool also allows the real time control of systems that do not have very small time constant. Among the distinctive characteristics that CAD tool presents is the possibility that the user defines innovative and his own operators, and the possibility of carrying out the direct synthesis of the designed controllers in PLCs generating the controller's code in structured text and using functions of the standard IEC 1131-3.

Keywords: CAD tool,fuzzy control,IEC 1131-3

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3182/20070213-3-CU-2913.00037

Conference: 8th IFAC Symposium on Cost Oriented Automation, 2007

Location: , Cuba

Start Date: Tue Feb 13 2007 - End Date: Thu Feb 15 2007

Page Numbers: 216-221

Authors: J. C. Lazaro; F. Morilla; R. Hernandez

Abstract: The frequency response is undoubtly one of the basic methods of measure and characterization of systems. The knowledge of this technique and its application is essential in subjects such as Automatic and Electronic. In this paper a low cost circuit that allows to obtain, automatic or semiautomaticaly, the frequency response of a linear system is presented. This circuit, that responds to a specific design of the authors, will be called "bodemeter" due to its obvious application for drawing the Bode plot. The input and output of the system to study are directly connected to the bodemeter. This can be used with conventional instrumentation or it can be connected to a personal computer through a data acquisition card. The computer does not require any special characteristic as for speed, and it is solely recommendable to use a graphic output to visualize the plots; this characteristic is broadly overcome at present. The data acquisition card does not need special features either and any conventional low cost card can be used.

Keywords:

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3182/20070213-3-CU-2913.00038

Conference: 8th IFAC Symposium on Cost Oriented Automation, 2007

Location: , Cuba

Start Date: Tue Feb 13 2007 - End Date: Thu Feb 15 2007

Page Numbers: 222-227

Authors: J. R. Rodriguez-Vasquez; R. Rivas-Perez; J. Sotomayor-Moriano

Abstract: A model describing the dynamic behavior of the steam pressure inside a firetube boiler has been obtained using system identification techniques. A complete system identification procedure has been carried out, from experimental design to model validation using a lab-scale boiler and then ratified in an industrial-scale boiler. In both cases, the identified model is characterized by a second order ARMAX structure which describes with very high precision the process under study. This model will be used for control and prediction applications. First control simulation results are also presented.

Keywords: system identification,boilers,ARMAX parameter estimation,control-oriented models,stochastic models

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3182/20070213-3-CU-2913.00040

Conference: 8th IFAC Symposium on Cost Oriented Automation, 2007

Location: , Cuba

Start Date: Tue Feb 13 2007 - End Date: Thu Feb 15 2007

Page Numbers: 232-237

Authors: Jan Galdun; Rony Ghostine; Jean-Marc Thiriet; Jan Ligus; Jan Sarnovsky

Abstract: This paper presents a laboratory mini-helicopter model and its implementation and simulation as a networked control system. A model of the minihelicopter, together with the choice of a communication architecture, is proposed. Simulations are effected to study the mentioned system as a networked control system in consideration of network delays, etc. Proposed simulations are achieved thanks to the TrueTime framework which is a Matlab / Simulink based toolbox. This toolbox provides several types of networks which are briefly described in the paper. The mentioned system is simulated by using two types of networks - CAN and Ethernet wire network. Results show differences in quantitative deviations among simulations of the mini-helicopter as system without network and with network.

Keywords: networked control system,TrueTime,CAN,Ethernet,communication architecture

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3182/20070213-3-CU-2913.00041

Conference: 8th IFAC Symposium on Cost Oriented Automation, 2007

Location: , Cuba

Start Date: Tue Feb 13 2007 - End Date: Thu Feb 15 2007

Page Numbers: 238-243

Authors: Jan John; Richard Susta

Abstract: The paper treats a simple SISO control tool that uses classical nonlinear controllers. Description of basic functions and programs and several examples of their use comprise the main part of the paper. The tool forms part of bigger system programmed in C++ and C# for industrial use. The MATLAB® models of the control software and controller adjustment algorithms are freely available on the Czech Technical University web pages.

Keywords: computer software,nonlinear control,industrial control

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3182/20070213-3-CU-2913.00027

Conference: 8th IFAC Symposium on Cost Oriented Automation, 2007

Location: , Cuba

Start Date: Tue Feb 13 2007 - End Date: Thu Feb 15 2007

Page Numbers: 160-165

Authors: Janusz Szpytko

Abstract: Manufacturing strategies, including automation, evaluation overview. Overlooking for safety, security and reliability of technical devices and systems. Perspectives of human - machine interfaces as a part of technical object life-cycle. Final conclusion: it is possible to increase set of safety/ security/ reliability/ cost thought the better man machine interface.

Keywords: manufacturing,automation,cost oriented automation,safety,reliability

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3182/20070213-3-CU-2913.00005

Conference: 8th IFAC Symposium on Cost Oriented Automation, 2007

Location: , Cuba

Start Date: Tue Feb 13 2007 - End Date: Thu Feb 15 2007

Page Numbers: 19-24

Authors: Javier Garcia-Zubia; Ivan Trueba; Diego Lopez-de-Ipina; Pablo Orduna; Unai Hernandez; Jose M. Saenz

Abstract: The aculty of Engineering of the University of Deusto has had available a WebLab oriented to Microelectronics since 200. Currently, the field of WebLab design is very active, and several other universities are adopting them as a sign of quality and distinction for Microelectronics teaching, as we have done. The first part of this paper shows several requirements that a WebLab should meet and the next points presents WebLab-Deusto.

Keywords: remote labs

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3182/20070213-3-CU-2913.00022

Conference: 8th IFAC Symposium on Cost Oriented Automation, 2007

Location: , Cuba

Start Date: Tue Feb 13 2007 - End Date: Thu Feb 15 2007

Page Numbers: 126-129

Authors: Jerzy Jazwinski; Janusz Szpytko

Abstract: The system, which can be in two intentional states, is considered. In each intentional state the unreliability of safety and unreliability of efficiency can occur. The efficiency unreliability state is restorable but the safety unreliability state is non restorable. In the paper reliability and safety factors of these system are presented.

Keywords: safety,reliability,maintenance

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3182/20070213-3-CU-2913.00031

Conference: 8th IFAC Symposium on Cost Oriented Automation, 2007

Location: , Cuba

Start Date: Tue Feb 13 2007 - End Date: Thu Feb 15 2007

Page Numbers: 183-185