Authors: None

Abstract:

Keywords:

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3182/20060830-2-SF-4903.00001

Conference: 1st IFAC Workshop on Applications of Large Scale Industrial Systems, 2006

Location: Cruise liner M/S Silja Line, Finland

Start Date: Wed Aug 30 2006 - End Date: Thu Aug 31 2006

Page Numbers: c1-c1

Authors: None

Abstract:

Keywords:

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3182/20060830-2-SF-4903.00045

Conference: 1st IFAC Workshop on Applications of Large Scale Industrial Systems, 2006

Location: Cruise liner M/S Silja Line, Finland

Start Date: Wed Aug 30 2006 - End Date: Thu Aug 31 2006

Page Numbers: c4-c4

Authors: D. A. Linkens

Abstract: Complexity occurs throughout every level of the natural world. Technologically, the challenge is to attempt to understand, analyse, represent and model some aspects of such complexity. The ultimate aim is to design complex systems in a principled and reliable manner. In this presentation two case studies are considered. One concerns the modelling of metal processing hot deformation down to sub-micron dislocation levels. The second study considers the analysis of biological microarray data of huge input dimensionality coupled with sparse data for the likely prediction of human bladder cancer.

Keywords: multi-scale,modelling,metal deformation,genomics,bioinformatics,cellular automata,finite elements,neurofuzzy

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3182/20060830-2-SF-4903.00002

Conference: 1st IFAC Workshop on Applications of Large Scale Industrial Systems, 2006

Location: Cruise liner M/S Silja Line, Finland

Start Date: Wed Aug 30 2006 - End Date: Thu Aug 31 2006

Page Numbers: 1-10

Authors: T. Yucelen; O. Kaymakci; S. Kurtulan

Abstract: In this paper a modified PID controller is presented as a dynamic system controller. Here Ziegler-Nichols process reaction method is clarified to designate self-tuning, and advantages of self-tunining are also explained in detail. Moreover, simulation results of self-tuning PID controller using Ziegler-Nichols are acquired from programmable logic controller (PLC), and then are given in related topics. Finally, the complete algorithm is tested in an industrial thermal system, and results of this test are offered and explained.

Keywords: PID control,Ziegler Nichols process reaction method,robustness,self-tuning control

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3182/20060830-2-SF-4903.00003

Conference: 1st IFAC Workshop on Applications of Large Scale Industrial Systems, 2006

Location: Cruise liner M/S Silja Line, Finland

Start Date: Wed Aug 30 2006 - End Date: Thu Aug 31 2006

Page Numbers: 11-16

Authors: Tansel Yucelen

Abstract: It has been widely verified that a fuzzy logic controller can achieve a better performance for industrial systems than conventional controllers. In addition, fuzzy logic controllers have a major interest of researchers in the area of industrial process control. For these reasons in this paper, a PID type fuzzy logic controller (FPID) is presented for programmable logic controllers (PLC), and the design steps are explained in detail (such as tuning FPID's parameters, using symmetric or non-symmetric membership functions) to express the presented FPID functional for industrial systems. The aim of this study is to put forward efficiency of PID type fuzzy logic controllers for PLCs on industrial long dead-time systems. Moreover in this paper, a PLC algorithm is constructed and the complete algorithm is tested in a first order long dead-time system, second order long dead-time systems, and results of this tests are offered and explained.

Keywords: PID type fuzzy logic controller,structural fuzzy controller design,long dead time

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3182/20060830-2-SF-4903.00004

Conference: 1st IFAC Workshop on Applications of Large Scale Industrial Systems, 2006

Location: Cruise liner M/S Silja Line, Finland

Start Date: Wed Aug 30 2006 - End Date: Thu Aug 31 2006

Page Numbers: 17-22

Authors: Duc T. Nguyen; Mietek A. Brdys

Abstract: A dynamic neural network based algorithm for learning control of an unknown nonlinear continuous-time multiple-input-multiple-output plant with unmeasurable states is proposed in this paper. A new dynamic neural network structure is utilised to model the unknown plant dynamics through modelling the input-output mapping. A feedback linearization is applied to design controller for the neural model and the neural states are used as a source of precious information about current plant dynamics. A gradient based update of the weights is performed at discrete time instants over a moving measurement window in order to reduce the model output - real output mismatch. The learning controller is applied to a double link robot arm. Stability of the system is analysed through ultimate boundedness of all signals.

Keywords: dynamic neural networks,robotic manipulators,on-line learning,non-linear control systems,feedback linearization,ultimate boundedness

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3182/20060830-2-SF-4903.00005

Conference: 1st IFAC Workshop on Applications of Large Scale Industrial Systems, 2006

Location: Cruise liner M/S Silja Line, Finland

Start Date: Wed Aug 30 2006 - End Date: Thu Aug 31 2006

Page Numbers: 23-28

Authors: Jingsong Wang; Mietek A. Brdys

Abstract: In operational control of hybrid systems, control objectives often change with current operating conditions and switching among a number of control strategies is then inevitable. The proposed softly switched hybrid predictive control utilizes mixed integer programming techniques and achieves better switching transient performance both in system output/state and control input than the traditional hard switching method. Stability of the designed soft switching process is analysed and sufficient stabilization conditions are derived. Numerical examples with simulation results show that the proposed approach can be useful in practical applications.

Keywords: predictive control,hybrid systems,mixed integer programming,constraints,stability analysis,supervisory control,sequential switching

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3182/20060830-2-SF-4903.00006

Conference: 1st IFAC Workshop on Applications of Large Scale Industrial Systems, 2006

Location: Cruise liner M/S Silja Line, Finland

Start Date: Wed Aug 30 2006 - End Date: Thu Aug 31 2006

Page Numbers: 29-34

Authors: R. Langowski; M. A. Brdys

Abstract: Asymptotic and interval observer for quality monitoring in drinking water distribution systems is derived in this paper. It produces robust interval bounds on the estimated state variables of the water quality. Solving two differential equations generates the bounds; hence the numerical efficiency is sufficient for on-line monitoring of the water quality. The observer is applied to example water network and tight bounds-estimates are obtained.

Keywords: estimators,bounding method,dynamic modelling,water quality

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3182/20060830-2-SF-4903.00007

Conference: 1st IFAC Workshop on Applications of Large Scale Industrial Systems, 2006

Location: Cruise liner M/S Silja Line, Finland

Start Date: Wed Aug 30 2006 - End Date: Thu Aug 31 2006

Page Numbers: 35-40

Authors: Kozakova Alena; Vesely Vojtech

Abstract: The paper deals with the frequency domain robust decentralized controller design technique for continuous-time uncertain systems given as a set of transfer function matrices. By applying the independent designs to individual subsystems modified by pertinent entries of a suitably chosen diagonal transfer function matrix, nominal stability and fulfillment of the M - Δ structure based robust stability conditions modified for decentralized systems are guaranteed.

Keywords: robust control,linear systems,frequency domain

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3182/20060830-2-SF-4903.00008

Conference: 1st IFAC Workshop on Applications of Large Scale Industrial Systems, 2006

Location: Cruise liner M/S Silja Line, Finland

Start Date: Wed Aug 30 2006 - End Date: Thu Aug 31 2006

Page Numbers: 41-46

Authors: Branislav Rehák

Abstract: The problem of design of a controller for a large-scale system is studied. The design objective is to achieve behavior comparable with the standard controller that is LQ optimal. On the other hand the amount of interconnections between subsystems should be kept as small as possible. This is guaranteed by solving of an optimization problem where the number of interconnections is minimized while the difference in the values of the cost functional for the standard and decentralized controller is a constraint. To find the value of the cost of the decentralized control in presence of interconnections one can use linear matrix inequalities.

Keywords: decomposition,decentralized control,linear matrix inequalities

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3182/20060830-2-SF-4903.00009

Conference: 1st IFAC Workshop on Applications of Large Scale Industrial Systems, 2006

Location: Cruise liner M/S Silja Line, Finland

Start Date: Wed Aug 30 2006 - End Date: Thu Aug 31 2006

Page Numbers: 47-52

Authors: Danica Rosinova; Vojtech Vesely

Abstract: The new LMI based method for robust stability analysis for linear uncertain system with PID controller is proposed. The general constrained structure of controller matrix is considered appropriate for both output feedback and decentralized control and the respective guaranteed cost control design scheme is presented. The sufficient robust stability condition is developed for extended quadratic performance index including first derivative of the state vector to damp oscillations. The obtained stability condition is formulated for parameter-dependent Lyapunov function.

Keywords: uncertain systems,robust stability,decentralized control,linear matrix inequalities (LMI),Lyapunov function

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3182/20060830-2-SF-4903.00010

Conference: 1st IFAC Workshop on Applications of Large Scale Industrial Systems, 2006

Location: Cruise liner M/S Silja Line, Finland

Start Date: Wed Aug 30 2006 - End Date: Thu Aug 31 2006

Page Numbers: 53-58

Authors: Farida Kessal; Kamel Hariche

Abstract: This work is concerned with the choice of the form of the closed-loop block poles in multivariable control design. The criteria used for the selection are robustness, time response and magnitude of feedback gain.

Keywords: multivariable systems,solvents,matrix polynomial,robust stability,robust performance,state feedback gain

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3182/20060830-2-SF-4903.00011

Conference: 1st IFAC Workshop on Applications of Large Scale Industrial Systems, 2006

Location: Cruise liner M/S Silja Line, Finland

Start Date: Wed Aug 30 2006 - End Date: Thu Aug 31 2006

Page Numbers: 59-63

Authors: Erik Dahlquist

Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to present modelling and design of a new type of black liquor gasification process with significant benefits compared to existing Tomlinson boilers and wet gasification processes. The organics are gasified by mainly steam reforming, as the temperature is relatively low (below 850°C) and the water content of the black liquor relatively high (> 20 % water). The gasification can be with or without direct caustization. Sulphates are reduced to first Na2S, and then most of the sulphur is evaporated as H2S (Hydrogen sulphide), after reaction with CO2 + H2O. The hydrogen sulphide is absorbed in a and used for preimpregnation of the wood chips, to give modified cooking with stronger and brighter fibres out from the digester. With TiO2 added, sodium carbonate is converted into Na2O.TiO2, which dissolved in water gives 4 NaOH + Na2O.(TiO2)3. The direct caustization makes the lime kiln unnecessary. The gas may be combusted in a gas turbine/steam turbine cycle, to produce 2-3 times more electricity than conventional recovery boilers, that is an electrical efficiency of 30-35.

Keywords: black liquor,gasification,system,direct caustization,modelling

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3182/20060830-2-SF-4903.00012

Conference: 1st IFAC Workshop on Applications of Large Scale Industrial Systems, 2006

Location: Cruise liner M/S Silja Line, Finland

Start Date: Wed Aug 30 2006 - End Date: Thu Aug 31 2006

Page Numbers: 64-69

Authors: Fisera Peter; Holler Manfred

Abstract: The control task of the bleaching process is complicated by long retention time and strong process nonlinearity. The classical control tools are ineffective because of long retention time and new neuronal control systems have serious difficulties with process nonlinearity. After process change, they have to learn again to find parameters for the new working point. To support learning process of the multivariable controllers, the mathematical model of the bleaching process has been designed. The basic kinetic model is the reaction of dissociated HOO- molecules with chromophore groups. Ongoing reaction decreases HOO- concentration and changes bleaching conditions for following reactions. The NaOH creates conditions for peroxide dissociation and also attacks the lignin molecules, decreasing yield of bleaching process. The yellowing reaction due to high concentration of NaOH is included, as well. The peroxide decomposition process caused by high temperature or heavy metals is also part of the bleaching model. To simplify solution of complicated system of partial differential equations, the whole volume of the bleaching tower has been vertically divided to thin slices. The bleaching conditions in one slice are considered to be homogenous an constant during time t and t+? t. The chromophore are divided into the light, difficult bleachable and non bleachable groups with corresponding consumption of HOO- molecules. The supporting chemical reactions are also calculated in each slice separately creating conditions for next calculation step. The parameters of the chemical reactions have to be found using laboratory results. The model of peroxide bleaching process forecasts the bleaching results with an accuracy of ±1% taking into consideration, of course, that the main process variables are measured. Bigger deviation between calculated and measured results means significant changes in not measured process variables. This fact can be used as alarm. The model of the bleaching process integrated into multivariable model predictive controller enables setting of controller parameters in short time instead to learn controller from process. The model of bleaching process was tuned according to the results of laboratory bleaching trials. After setting of model parameters the model reached laboratory values for final brightness, pH, residual peroxide and COD. Model has been tuned to several different bleaching trials of mechanical pulps and also to results of laboratory bleaching of waste paper has been used to prove model universality. In all cases it was possible to tune model to meet bleaching results according to the used bleaching recipe. The model was also tested on-line in field-side reference HC Bleach Plant. Model parameters were tuned according to the laboratory results. Measured process values like pulp flow, consistency, charging of bleaching chemical and incoming brightness have been used as model variables. The Model calculated bleaching reactions and the out coming calculated brightness was over 90% of tested period very closed to the measured one (±1% ).

Keywords: mechanical pulp,peroxide,chromophore groups,bleaching process,brightness,delignification,model predictive controller

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3182/20060830-2-SF-4903.00013

Conference: 1st IFAC Workshop on Applications of Large Scale Industrial Systems, 2006

Location: Cruise liner M/S Silja Line, Finland

Start Date: Wed Aug 30 2006 - End Date: Thu Aug 31 2006

Page Numbers: 70-75

Authors: Rami Rantanen; Urpo Kortela

Abstract: Industrial kraft cooking process producing both softwood and hardwood pulp was studied. Residence times of chips in the conventional continuous digester were modelled based on volume fractions of chips. The volume fractions were modelled as a function of a real-time modelled cooking degree profile of chips in the digester. Control of continuous cooking process can be improved by the more accurate information about the residence times.

Keywords: chip column,cooking degree,digester's packing,residence time

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3182/20060830-2-SF-4903.00014

Conference: 1st IFAC Workshop on Applications of Large Scale Industrial Systems, 2006

Location: Cruise liner M/S Silja Line, Finland

Start Date: Wed Aug 30 2006 - End Date: Thu Aug 31 2006

Page Numbers: 76-81

Authors: K. Halmevaara; H. Hyötyniemi

Abstract: This paper presents a data-based iterative tuning technique for large systems with multiple parameters. The method uses multivariate statistical regression methods to capture the dependencies between the system parameters and the quality measures determining the performance of the system. Nonlinear numerical optimization methods are applied for parameter tuning. Complementary tools to support the tuning procedure are suggested. Results from a simulated case study on a continuous pulp digester model are presented.

Keywords: multivariable control systems,large-scale systems,process control,pulp industry,iterative methods,regression analysis,complex systems

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3182/20060830-2-SF-4903.00015

Conference: 1st IFAC Workshop on Applications of Large Scale Industrial Systems, 2006

Location: Cruise liner M/S Silja Line, Finland

Start Date: Wed Aug 30 2006 - End Date: Thu Aug 31 2006

Page Numbers: 82-87

Authors: Timo Ahola; Esko Juuso; Kauko Leiviskä

Abstract: This paper describes the possibilities of variable selection in large-scale industrial systems. It introduces knowledge-based, data-based and model-based methods for this purpose. As an example, Case-Based Reasoning application for the evaluation of the web break sensitivity in a paper machine is introduced. The application uses Linguistic Equations approach and basic Fuzzy Logic. The indicator combines the information of on-line measurements with expert knowledge and provides a continuous indication of the break sensitivity. The web break sensitivity defines the current operating situation at the paper mill and gives new information to the operators. Together with information of the most important variables this prediction gives operators enough time to react to the changing operating situation.

Keywords: variable selection,grouping,paper machine,web breaks

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3182/20060830-2-SF-4903.00016

Conference: 1st IFAC Workshop on Applications of Large Scale Industrial Systems, 2006

Location: Cruise liner M/S Silja Line, Finland

Start Date: Wed Aug 30 2006 - End Date: Thu Aug 31 2006

Page Numbers: 88-93

Authors: Antti Villberg; Tuukka Lehtonen; Kalle Kondelin; Tommi Karhela

Abstract: Large scale process simulation is used in industry for e.g. process and automation design, automation testing, safety analyses and for operator training and support purposes. In modern computing environments very large dynamic process models of an entire plant can be calculated in real time or even faster than real time. However current process simulation environments are separate tools that rarely have links to the other information management tools of a plant delivery project. In this paper we present an approach where semantic modelling techniques (semantic web) are used within an ontology definition environment. In this environment different plant modelling and simulation ontologies can be mapped and used together without compromising computational speed and scalability. Ontology of one simulation solver type, namely companion model solver, is discussed as an example.

Keywords: process simulation,semantic web,companion model

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3182/20060830-2-SF-4903.00017

Conference: 1st IFAC Workshop on Applications of Large Scale Industrial Systems, 2006

Location: Cruise liner M/S Silja Line, Finland

Start Date: Wed Aug 30 2006 - End Date: Thu Aug 31 2006

Page Numbers: 94-99

Authors: Mika Ruusunen; Ari Isokangas; Kauko Leiviskä

Abstract: A procedure for surveying process data sets is presented. For this, linear models constructed in varying length, sliding data windows to determine the usefulness of data segments for process identification are utilised. The discussed approach has been applied to an industrial wood debarking plant and a biomass boiler analysis, enabling the preliminary study of process variables and conditions affecting the nonoptimal process conditions. In addition, main process interactions and delays were easily discovered from the structures of the interpretable linear model candidates. It is concluded that the analysis can provide valuable information also for modelling and control of continuous processes.

Keywords: identification,input selection,characterisation,model construction,process control

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3182/20060830-2-SF-4903.00018

Conference: 1st IFAC Workshop on Applications of Large Scale Industrial Systems, 2006

Location: Cruise liner M/S Silja Line, Finland

Start Date: Wed Aug 30 2006 - End Date: Thu Aug 31 2006

Page Numbers: 100-105

Authors: Teemu Räsänen; Risto Soukka; Sami Kokki; Teri Hiltunen; Mikko Heikkinen; Reijo Kuivalainen; Yrjö Hiltunen

Abstract: Changes in operational environment of the process industry such as decreasing selling prices, increased competition between companies and new legislation, set requirements for performance and effectiveness of the industrial production lines and processes. In this study, a life cycle profit model of a pulp process was constructed. This model was based on different kind of process information like consumption and production levels of material and energy flows in unit processes. However, all the information needed for correlation calculations was not directly provided by information systems of the mill. Therefore we used correlation analyses and self-organizing map to determine missing dependencies between process variables. These data-based approaches were tested using an example, in which factors affecting the alkaline chemical consumption in the bleaching stage were solved. The results show that these methods can be successfully applied to improve the accuracy of life cycle profit models.

Keywords: life cycles,modelling,self-organizing systems,process identification,pulp industry

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3182/20060830-2-SF-4903.00019

Conference: 1st IFAC Workshop on Applications of Large Scale Industrial Systems, 2006

Location: Cruise liner M/S Silja Line, Finland

Start Date: Wed Aug 30 2006 - End Date: Thu Aug 31 2006

Page Numbers: 106-111

Authors: J. Alatalo; E. Saarelainen; S. Sihvo

Abstract: The paper covers main design principles and description of optimization algorithms for cutting steel at continuous casting plant. The aim is to produce maximum amount of customer bars from liquid steel. The static cutting plan from production planning is dynamically updated taking into account unexpected deviations in steel quality. The optimizing problem type is mixed integer non-linear programming (MINLP).

Keywords: steel industry,continuous casting,production systems,dynamic models,control algorithms,optimization problems,mathematical models

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3182/20060830-2-SF-4903.00020

Conference: 1st IFAC Workshop on Applications of Large Scale Industrial Systems, 2006

Location: Cruise liner M/S Silja Line, Finland

Start Date: Wed Aug 30 2006 - End Date: Thu Aug 31 2006

Page Numbers: 112-117

Authors: Jozef B. Lewoc; Antoni Izworski; Slawomir Skowronski

Abstract: An approach to development of pioneering large scale industrial systems is described for a case study of computer integrated manufacturing and management systems. The paper presents some experience in large scale systems and the current state of art for the domain. A feasible approach is proposed, based on prospective user expectations and the system development with use of so called first thread on which the standards facilitating development of subsequent systems should be developed and people acquainted with both manufacturing and management problems should be educated. The approach proposed is particularly suitable for big metallurgical plants and IFAC seems to be a good choice for an organisation preparing the first implementation.

Keywords: computer aided manufacturing,management,working media,environment,control,monitoring,metallurgy,plant

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3182/20060830-2-SF-4903.00021

Conference: 1st IFAC Workshop on Applications of Large Scale Industrial Systems, 2006

Location: Cruise liner M/S Silja Line, Finland

Start Date: Wed Aug 30 2006 - End Date: Thu Aug 31 2006

Page Numbers: 118-123

Authors: A. Remes; J. Karesvuori; H. Pekkarinen; S.-L. Jamsa-Jounela

Abstract: To enhance the operation of mineral grinding processes, a greater number of monitoring services and control schemes are nowadays being offered by the equipment manufacturers. In this paper an integrated approach to grinding process monitoring and control is formulated and the components of the integrated automation for typical grinding processes are proposed. Furthermore, the benefits of the process monitoring services are studied on the basis of a specific case study - the Outokumpu Chrome Kemi concentrator. Finally, the results are discussed and a new control scheme is outlined.

Keywords: mineral grinding,particle size analysis,process monitoring,extended product,process control,chromite concentration,gravity separation

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3182/20060830-2-SF-4903.00022

Conference: 1st IFAC Workshop on Applications of Large Scale Industrial Systems, 2006

Location: Cruise liner M/S Silja Line, Finland

Start Date: Wed Aug 30 2006 - End Date: Thu Aug 31 2006

Page Numbers: 124-129

Authors: Mahdi Mahfouf; Min-You Chen; Qian Zhang; Derek A. Linkens

Abstract: A recent shift in optimisation research suggests two trends: one is associated with a move to multi-objective optimisation where challenges of non-unique solutions and the concept of feasibility lie, while the other relates to the development of 'intelligent' algorithms which draw their philosophies from nature and biological intricacies. In this spirit, we propose two new multi-objective optimisation algorithms, a modified PSO algorithm and a societal reasoning method named Reduced Space Searching Algorithm. This paper shows how these algorithms compare to other algorithms and how they can be used to solve a real-world problem, the multi-objective optimal design of alloy steels.

Keywords: optimization,multiobjective optimization,search,steel

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3182/20060830-2-SF-4903.00023

Conference: 1st IFAC Workshop on Applications of Large Scale Industrial Systems, 2006

Location: Cruise liner M/S Silja Line, Finland

Start Date: Wed Aug 30 2006 - End Date: Thu Aug 31 2006

Page Numbers: 130-135

Authors: Matti Paljakka; Olli Venta

Abstract: In today's industry, the requirements concerning the cost effectiveness of the production as well as end product quality are becoming even harder. Companies operating at real time in globalized business require agile production that quickly responds to changes in the business environment. The build-up, operation and maintenance of large scale industrial production systems require a whole network of experts of different domains. In setting up such a network, one must carefully design the roles of the actors in a manner that the network supports the overall performance of the system. Also the views through which each actor accesses the system must be designed to efficiently support his decision making. Recent research has made great advancement in data mining and information discovery in large sets of data. Also the modelling and simulation is slowly but surely being taken up in different phases of the plant life span. The standardization of plant life cycle data as well as on-line interfaces for the exchange of data and events has taken steps forward. Furthermore, mobile solutions and advanced visualization are entering the industry. All of this is surely helpful in managing large scale industrial systems. Often the question remains: what is the overall good performance of the system. What is now needed from the research is practical methods for selecting appropriate performance metrics and for implementing decision support systems for managing and controlling of the operative state in a large scale industrial system. The methods must take into account the network nature of the organization and the human-technology interaction of each actor in the network.

Keywords: large-scale systems,decision support systems,models,standards

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3182/20060830-2-SF-4903.00024

Conference: 1st IFAC Workshop on Applications of Large Scale Industrial Systems, 2006

Location: Cruise liner M/S Silja Line, Finland

Start Date: Wed Aug 30 2006 - End Date: Thu Aug 31 2006

Page Numbers: 136-136