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Authors
Lewoc, J. B.; Izworski, A.; Skowronski, S.; Kieleczawa, A.; Hersh, M.; Kopacek, P.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
10.3182/20101027-3-XK-4018.00010

Page Numbers:
41-46

Index Terms
automation,information and communication technology,large-scale,pioneering,system,design,costs

Abstract
The present paper discusses the problems of costs of the technology change and transfer in the domain of automation and ICT in a rather poorly developed country. The costs that had to be paid by the leading designers of large-scale projects are the basic concern. The paper presents some of the projects led by a single leading designer and the costs paid deliberately by the leading designer. The further discussion reveals that the costs are much lower than those paid by other pioneering system designers.

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