Authors: Nenninger, Philipp, Walter, Andreas, Kiencke, Uwe

Abstract: As a possible alternative to TDMA-based automotive communication systems, a network based approach was presented in (Nenninger et al. 2006). Because of the complex topology dependent properties of the approach, an analytical investigation is only feasible for a limited set of parameters and topologies. Therefore a model of the network based approach, as well as a FlexRay model was implemented. Using these models, the two approaches are compared under different aspects. It is shown that the network based approach gives good results even for asymmetrical topologies and high network load.

Keywords: communication media,bus systems,safety relevant systems

Identifier: 10.3182/20070820-3-US-2918.00073

Conference: Fifth IFAC Symposium on Advances in Automotive Control (2007)

Location: Seascape Resort, USA

Start Date: Mon Aug 20 2007 - End Date: Wed Aug 22 2007

Authors: Halbe, Iris, Isermann, Rolf

Abstract: Driver assistance systems need more and more precise information about the vehicle driving situation. While a certain number of sensors is available, some important variables are not measurable. A sensor platform is designed, which consists of a sensor fault detection and diagnosis system, the design of a fault tolerant sensor system and the estimation of non-measurable variables. The features are generated by parity equations, parameter estimation and fault observers and are reduced to a suitable set. After locating the defective sensor the faulty sensor signal is substituted by a calculated one using an Extended Kalman Filter and a two-track model. Additionally, the roll angle is estimated and the road surface is classified to provide these information to the control systems.

Keywords: sensor-platform,vehicle dynamics,fault-detection,fault-diagnosis,Kalman-filter,fault-tolerance,estimation

Identifier: 10.3182/20070820-3-US-2918.00067

Conference: Fifth IFAC Symposium on Advances in Automotive Control (2007)

Location: Seascape Resort, USA

Start Date: Mon Aug 20 2007 - End Date: Wed Aug 22 2007

Authors: Arsie, I., Sorrentino, M., Pianese, C.

Abstract: The paper focuses on the experimental identification and validation of a recurrent neural network (RNN) estimator of air-fuel ratio (AFR) excursions in sparkignited engines. Suited training procedures and experimental tests are proposed to improve RNN precision and generalization in predicting AFR transients for a wide range of operating scenarios. The reference engine has been tested by means of an integrated system of hardware and software tools for engine test automation and control strategies prototyping. The simulation performed on the test-sets show the ability of the RNN to reproduce the target patterns with satisfactory accuracy. The results achieved envisage potential applications of the AFR estimator in real-time diagnostics and control algorithms.

Keywords: nonlinear dynamic modeling,neural networks,engine modeling,engine control,diagnostics

Identifier: 10.3182/20070820-3-US-2918.00032

Conference: Fifth IFAC Symposium on Advances in Automotive Control (2007)

Location: Seascape Resort, USA

Start Date: Mon Aug 20 2007 - End Date: Wed Aug 22 2007

Authors: Johannesson, Lars, Egardt, Bo

Abstract: A novel algorithm for predictive control of parallel hybrid vehicle powertrains is presented. The algorithm uses information from GPS and digital maps to schedule the use of the energy buffer along the planned route. The algorithm is based on dynamic programming and achieves close to the theoretical minimal consumption when simulated on measured drive data. For simulated routes with a topographic profile that contains large hills the fuel consumption savings compared to a competitive non predictive controller are 6%. For simulated routes with a more moderate topographic profile the savings are between 2-3% and for routes with completely flat topographic profile the savings are only between 0.5-2%.

Keywords: predictive control,hybrid vehicles,powertrain control,dynamic programming

Identifier: 10.3182/20070820-3-US-2918.00047

Conference: Fifth IFAC Symposium on Advances in Automotive Control (2007)

Location: Seascape Resort, USA

Start Date: Mon Aug 20 2007 - End Date: Wed Aug 22 2007

Authors: Desrosiers, Dana, Birdsong, Charles, Schuster, Peter

Abstract: This paper describes a software simulator for pre-crash collision predictions. The simulator is a surrogate test bed for evaluating the performance of proposed pre-crash algorithms. It reads data from a file, transfers distance and angular position of a target to a test algorithm, and then records the algorithm's predictions. To illustrate the simulator functionality, a simplified test algorithm is also described. This algorithm predicts collision risks based on assumptions about the size and acceleration of a target object, and the turning and braking limits of the host vehicle. The test algorithm is shown to be effective for cases where both the vehicle and the target move along straight lines but less effective for curved paths. This result is typical of the difficulty in predicting the future position of another vehicle when its motion may change suddenly in the short time before a crash event.

Keywords: algorithms,computer simulation,automotive control,impact,sensor systems,pre-crash,automotive safety

Identifier: 10.3182/20070820-3-US-2918.00072

Conference: Fifth IFAC Symposium on Advances in Automotive Control (2007)

Location: Seascape Resort, USA

Start Date: Mon Aug 20 2007 - End Date: Wed Aug 22 2007

Authors: Sahlholm, Per, Jansson, Henrik, Kozica, Ermin, Johansson, Karl Henrik

Abstract: Emerging driver assistance systems, such as look-ahead cruise controllers for heavy duty vehicles, require high precision digital maps. This contribution presents a road grade estimation algorithm for fusion of GPS and vehicle real-time sensor data, with measurements from previous runs over the same road segment. The resulting road grade estimate is thus enhanced using measurements from additional traversals of known roads. Distributed data fusion is utilized to ensure that the storage requirement of known roads does not increase when additional measurements are processed. The implemented algorithm, which is based on extended Kalman filtering and smoothing, is described in detail. Experiments on a Scania test vehicle show the advantages and some of the challenges with the proposed approach.

Keywords: road grade estimation,digital maps,GPS,Kalman filter,sensor fusion

Identifier: 10.3182/20070820-3-US-2918.00010

Conference: Fifth IFAC Symposium on Advances in Automotive Control (2007)

Location: Seascape Resort, USA

Start Date: Mon Aug 20 2007 - End Date: Wed Aug 22 2007

Authors: Gibson, Alex, Kolmanovsky, Ilya, Michelini, John

Abstract: This paper develops a parameterization of the intake manifold filling dynamics which are then used in the development of adaptive feedback linearization intake manifold pressure control strategies. Nonlinear simulation results are used to describe the pressure control and parameter estimation response of the designs. These results demonstrate that adaptive feedback linearization can be used to develop manifold pressure control designs that are capable of providing good pressure tracking response over a range of engine speeds and displacements. It is also shown that in the presence of large transients, the adaptive control response can be improved by using manifold pressure time constant values that are based upon steady state calibration values, during transients.

Keywords:

Identifier: 10.3182/20070820-3-US-2918.00084

Conference: Fifth IFAC Symposium on Advances in Automotive Control (2007)

Location: Seascape Resort, USA

Start Date: Mon Aug 20 2007 - End Date: Wed Aug 22 2007

Authors: Webersinke, Lena, Hertweck, Mario, Holl, Jurgen, Kiencke, Uwe

Abstract: Sudden changes in the engine torque (so called Tipin/out) lead to uncomfortable driveline oscillations. However, an integrated controller for reduction of oscillations often restricts the dynamical behavior. In this approach an advanced PD-controller is presented which enables a Tipin/out which is highly comfortable as well as dynamic. Therefore, a simple model of the driveline is introduced, which helps to design a control algorithm. By nonlinear preprocessing of a convenient control variable the performance of a common PD-controller is increased. A dynamic limit of the controller is useful to obtain the desired comfort. The results evaluated in simulation and in road tests show a very good performance.

Keywords: Tipin/out control,automotive control,vehicle comfort

Identifier: 10.3182/20070820-3-US-2918.00059

Conference: Fifth IFAC Symposium on Advances in Automotive Control (2007)

Location: Seascape Resort, USA

Start Date: Mon Aug 20 2007 - End Date: Wed Aug 22 2007

Authors: Muske, Kenneth R., Jones, James C. Peyton, Makki, Imad H., Uhrich, Michael J., Howse, James W.

Abstract: An integrated, model-based methodology for three-way automotive catalyst control and diagnostic monitoring utilizing a limited integrator model with an adaptive integral gain is outlined in this work. This adaptive gain, which is a measure of the catalyst oxygen storage capacity, is used both by the controller to provide information on the dynamic catalyst behavior and by the diagnostic monitor to provide information on long-term catalyst deactivation and short-term emission control device failure. Nonparametric test statistics using various metrics computed from a moving window sample of the adaptive gain are compared to determine their ability to detect changes in catalyst system performance with a number of differently aged catalysts. These diagnostic monitoring metrics have been applied to 4.6 liter ULEV II gasoline engine data tested over an EPA Federal Test Procedure drive cycle.

Keywords: automotive catalyst monitoring,automotive catalyst on-board diagnostic

Identifier: 10.3182/20070820-3-US-2918.00027

Conference: Fifth IFAC Symposium on Advances in Automotive Control (2007)

Location: Seascape Resort, USA

Start Date: Mon Aug 20 2007 - End Date: Wed Aug 22 2007

Authors: Deur, Josko, Kolmanovsky, Ilya, Hrovat, Davor

Abstract: Engine load torque estimators are sensitive to errors in engine torque reconstruction. In order to increase the estimation accuracy, a combined estimator of load torque and engine torque parameters is proposed in this paper. The combined estimator is based on a set-membership method, and known load torque and parameter bounds. The emphasis is on analysis of estimation error and related practical guidelines for improved performance. The estimator is verified by experiment.

Keywords: SI engine,observer,torque estimation,parameter estimation

Identifier: 10.3182/20070820-3-US-2918.00013

Conference: Fifth IFAC Symposium on Advances in Automotive Control (2007)

Location: Seascape Resort, USA

Start Date: Mon Aug 20 2007 - End Date: Wed Aug 22 2007

Authors: Wilhelmsson, Carl, Tunestal, Per, Johansson, Bengt

Abstract: For developers of automotive control, prototyping and initial tests are a hassle. Commercial solutions are available but the price and especially the price/performance ratio opens the field for more cost effective solutions. Automotive rapid prototype systems seen so far are mainly processor based systems with standard interrupt driven measurement and actuation. Control systems based on high time resolution measurements of for example cylinder pressure are difficult to implement using these systems, neither is it possible to implement controller loops with an extremely high bandwidth in combination with expensive algorithms. Measurement and actuation within the same engine cycle, In Cycle Control (ICC) are not possible. The proposed system is based on a mixed system consisting of one standard x86 processor which is configured through Simulink and a reconfigurable application specific integrated circuit (an FPGA) configured either by relevant FPGA design tools or by Simulink. This layout of the rapid prototype system enables the designer to implement either ICC with very high bandwidth (only limited by the capacity of the injection system) or between-cycle control with medium bandwidth. The aim of this paper is to describe one possible configuration of such a system and to discuss the possible performance outcome of the final system.

Keywords: engine control,FPGA,simulink,rapid prototype,xPC target

Identifier: 10.3182/20070820-3-US-2918.00074

Conference: Fifth IFAC Symposium on Advances in Automotive Control (2007)

Location: Seascape Resort, USA

Start Date: Mon Aug 20 2007 - End Date: Wed Aug 22 2007

Authors: Alfieri, Ezio, Amstutz, Alois, Onder, Christopher H., Guzzella, Lino

Abstract: The feedback control of the air-to-fuel (AF) ratio in diesel engines offers several advantages over the traditional control of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) with the measured air mass flow. Because of the large transport delay involved in the feedback loop of the AF-ratio controller, a simple PI controller would not be sufficiently accurate to guarantee an adequate response of the system. Therefore a model-based approach is proposed for the design of the controller. Since the engine behaves differently in the different operating points within the operating range, a controller is designed that is capable of perceiving these changes and of tracking the desired setpoint reliably under varying operating conditions. Two approaches are investigated. First, an H∞ controller is designed in a grid of operating points and parametrized. Second, an internal model controller is developed with a simplified model of the plant. The efficiency of the two methods is tested in a driving cycle and compared with the conventional EGR controller.

Keywords: diesel engine,AF ratio,model-based control,LPV,gain scheduling

Identifier: 10.3182/20070820-3-US-2918.00054

Conference: Fifth IFAC Symposium on Advances in Automotive Control (2007)

Location: Seascape Resort, USA

Start Date: Mon Aug 20 2007 - End Date: Wed Aug 22 2007

Authors: Lusso, R., Jensen, M., Walters, E., Wagner, J., Alexander, K.

Abstract: The entrapment of humans and animals in stationary automobiles can lead to heat stroke and death, especially for young children and infants. The introduction of an occupant warning system would significantly reduce the occurrence of fatal entrapment. In this paper, a smart monitoring system will be integrated into a child safety seat and interfaced with its accompanying vehicle. The primary function of this device is to offer a warning if the child restraint contains an occupant, interior temperature is elevated, and the elapsed time within the automobile approaches a dangerous threshold. Specifically, an occupant detector circuit built into the child restraint certifies the presence of a passenger while a sensor monitors cabin temperature. Using an automobile's interior temperature profile, the system is capable of accurately determining the level of danger presented to entrapped passengers. This ensures that the smart child restraint system can decisively activate warning and rescue devices such as hazard lights, horn, power windows, seat fan, and tele-communication equipment. To assist in system calibration efforts, summer weather testing has been completed to explore cabin heating transients.

Keywords: driver warning systems,driver assistance,control architectures

Identifier: 10.3182/20070820-3-US-2918.00040

Conference: Fifth IFAC Symposium on Advances in Automotive Control (2007)

Location: Seascape Resort, USA

Start Date: Mon Aug 20 2007 - End Date: Wed Aug 22 2007

Authors: Olsson, Jan-Ola

Abstract: Turbo charged engines are gaining increasing interest for downsizing and improved fuel economy. In a modern torque based engine management system (EMS) the turbo engine provides a special challenge in estimation of maximum available torque. For the naturally aspirated engine the available torque is more or less proportional to the density of the atmosphere, however, the turbo charged engine has a more complicated relation between atmospheric conditions and maximum available torque. This paper presents a method to calculate, in real time, the reachable boost pressure with respect to turbo rotor speed and temperature after compressor. This maximum boost pressure can then be used in the EMS torque model to estimate maximum available torque.

Keywords: engine control,compressors,prediction,protection,torque control

Identifier: 10.3182/20070820-3-US-2918.00082

Conference: Fifth IFAC Symposium on Advances in Automotive Control (2007)

Location: Seascape Resort, USA

Start Date: Mon Aug 20 2007 - End Date: Wed Aug 22 2007

Authors: Fischer, W., Karrelmeyer, R., Loffler, A., Kulzer, A., Hathout, J.-P.

Abstract: In order to transfer the benefits of gasoline controlled auto ignition (CAI) combustion from research to real driving in a vehicle, intelligent engine control is essential. In this paper, we present a control concept for successfully managing a gasoline direct injection (GDI) engine operated in multi-mode with CAI. This includes the necessity of determining the state of combustion per cycle via sensing, the algorithms in the engine control unit (ECU) to regulate combustion in order to meet the desired performance, and the actuation means through both the engine valve-train and the injection system. Understanding the nature of homogeneous combustion and the ability to encapsulate the most important dynamics in a model amenable for control implementation are indispensable for running CAI stably. The latter lacks a direct combustion trigger and hence ignition is strongly dependent upon ambient temperature, tolerances in actuators and fuel-quality. In this paper, we propose an in-cylinder-pressure based controls concept for a multi-mode GDI engine with CAI driven by internal exhaust gas trapping. Combustion is controlled via the fuel and the air path concomitantly. The work has been carried out on a one and a four-cylinder engine with direct-injection and flexible valve-train. We show the necessity of models, both data-driven and physically-based, for successful control strategy design. Finally, dynamic operation is evaluated on the engines at cycle relevant points. The benefits of the technology, including improved fuel efficiency and lower emissions, the limitations, and suggested engine management strategies implementable in a vehicle are presented.

Keywords: CAI,closed-loop control,combustion modelling,predictive control

Identifier: 10.3182/20070820-3-US-2918.00065

Conference: Fifth IFAC Symposium on Advances in Automotive Control (2007)

Location: Seascape Resort, USA

Start Date: Mon Aug 20 2007 - End Date: Wed Aug 22 2007

Authors: Karlsson, Maria, Ekholm, Kent, Strandh, Petter, Johansson, Rolf, Tunestal, Per, Johansson, Bengt

Abstract: A homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engine requires closed-loop control of combustion phasing for reliable operation. Variable valve actuation (VVA) has previously been shown to enable cycle-to-cycle, cylinder-individual control with high precision, but suffers from a narrow operating range. Adding variable exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) to the closed-loop control structure can extend the operating range. A mid-ranging control structure is presented here for combined VVA and EGR actuations in a multi-cylinder engine. The control structure is simple to implement and preserves the fast, cylinder-individual, and precise actuation of the VVA system while extending the operating range. Experimental results verify the performance of the control structure.

Keywords: mid-ranging control,HCCI,EGR,VVA

Identifier: 10.3182/20070820-3-US-2918.00068

Conference: Fifth IFAC Symposium on Advances in Automotive Control (2007)

Location: Seascape Resort, USA

Start Date: Mon Aug 20 2007 - End Date: Wed Aug 22 2007

Authors: Cerone, Vito, Milanese, Mario, Regruto, Diego

Abstract: In this paper we address the problem of combining automatic lane keeping and driver's steering for either obstacle avoidance or lane change maneuvers for passing purpose or any other desired maneuvers, through a closed loop control strategy. The automatic lane keeping control loop is never opened, and no on/off switching strategy is used. During the driver's maneuver, the vehicle lateral dynamics is controlled by the driver himself through the vehicle steering system. When there is no driver's steering action, the vehicle center of gravity tracks the center of the travelling lane thanks to the automatic lane keeping system. At the beginning (end) of the maneuver, the lane keeping task is released (resumed) safely and smoothly. The performance of the proposed closed loop structure is shown by means of simulations and through experimental results obtained along italian highways.

Keywords: vehicle lateral control,automatic lane keeping,driver's steering

Identifier: 10.3182/20070820-3-US-2918.00023

Conference: Fifth IFAC Symposium on Advances in Automotive Control (2007)

Location: Seascape Resort, USA

Start Date: Mon Aug 20 2007 - End Date: Wed Aug 22 2007

Authors: Lamy, Christophe, Caroux, Julien, Basset, Michel, Gissinger, Gerard-Leon, Poli, Damien, Romieu, Pierre

Abstract: In order to improve the lateral behavior modeling of a road vehicle, an accurate determination of tire slip angle is needed (typically an accuracy close to 0.1°). In this paper, first, we compare two industrial sensors delivering information of sideslip angle: an optical sensor and a GPS/INS sensor. For this purpose, a specific test bench was developed. The limits of both sensors with regard to the above mentioned precision requirement, are studied, as well for static as for dynamic vehicle maneuvres. Secondly, for the GPS/INS sensor giving better results, we investigate the possibility of direct tire slip angle measurement by mounting this sensor in a plane parallel to the wheel rim. The developed mechanical adapter suffers from an inherent drawback for this kind of mounting, in terms of additional movements, compared to commonly used optical sensors. In spite of this supplementary perturbation, we show that the GPS/INS sensor precision is still better than the optical sensor's.

Keywords: vehicle dynamics,tires,precision measurements,global positioning systems

Identifier: 10.3182/20070820-3-US-2918.00008

Conference: Fifth IFAC Symposium on Advances in Automotive Control (2007)

Location: Seascape Resort, USA

Start Date: Mon Aug 20 2007 - End Date: Wed Aug 22 2007

Authors: Shim, Taehyun, Chang, Sehyun, Lee, Seok

Abstract: This paper investigates the effect of sliding surface design on the performance of a sliding mode control (SMC) based Antilock Braking System (ABS) including: a brake torque limitation, actuator time delay, and tire force build up. Two different sliding surface designs commonly used in ABS were compared and an alternative sliding surface design that improves the convergence speed and oscillation damping around the target slip has been proposed. An 8 degree of freedom nonlinear vehicle model was developed for this study and the effects of brake system parameter variations such as a brake actuator time constant, target slip ratios, and an abrupt road friction change were also assessed.

Keywords: ABS,sliding mode control,sliding surface design

Identifier: 10.3182/20070820-3-US-2918.00006

Conference: Fifth IFAC Symposium on Advances in Automotive Control (2007)

Location: Seascape Resort, USA

Start Date: Mon Aug 20 2007 - End Date: Wed Aug 22 2007

Authors: Arsie, Ivan, Pianese, Cesare, Sorrentino, Marco

Abstract: The paper deals with the optimization of control parameters of High Speed Direct Injection (HSDI) Diesel engines by means of a two zone thermodynamic model. The proposed methodology is aimed to support the engine control design for commonrail Diesel engines with multiple injections, where the large number of control parameters requires a large experimental tuning effort. The modelling approach is based on a semiempirical two-zone combustion model coupled with an intensive identification analysis. Fuel spray motion, air entrainment and combustion are predicted assuming two control volumes (fuel spray and surrounding air) and a semi-empirical formulation that accounts for the occurrence of premixed and diffusive regimes is implemented for the heat release rate. NOx and soot exhaust emissions are predicted according to the well known mechanisms proposed by Zeldovich and Hiroyasu, respectively. Model accuracy has been successfully tested over a wide set of experimental data, composed of 90 operating points measured on a commercial common-rail Diesel engine. Simulation results evidenced that the model can predict the effects of different injection parameters, in case of single and multiple injection, in a short computational time. An optimization analysis has been performed aimed at minimizing NO emissions with constraints on soot emissions and engine performance (IMEP). The results evidenced that an average reduction of 20% can be achieved by optimal tuning of EGR, rail pressure, injection timing and duration.

Keywords: diesel engine modeling,diesel engine control,engine control optimization

Identifier: 10.3182/20070820-3-US-2918.00058

Conference: Fifth IFAC Symposium on Advances in Automotive Control (2007)

Location: Seascape Resort, USA

Start Date: Mon Aug 20 2007 - End Date: Wed Aug 22 2007

Authors: Pouly, Gaetan, Lauffenburger, Jean-Philippe, Basset, Michel, Wissart, Thomas

Abstract: The purpose of this paper is the correlation research between objective tire parameters and subjective test driver evaluations. On the one hand, the test driver evaluates subjectively the tire in a freely chosen situation. On the other hand, the tire physical characteristics are measured objectively. This contribution consists in the determination of objective tire parameters which are responsible for the ratings given by the test driver. Then, these parameters are fused thanks to the Choquet integral aggregation tool. In the frame of this study, four objective tires parameters, based on the well-known Pacejka model, have been determined. Finally, this paper illustrates that these parameters can be satisfactorily correlated with the subjective ratings of the observed handling performances of the tire.

Keywords: subjective/objective correlation,tire evaluation,Choquet integral

Identifier: 10.3182/20070820-3-US-2918.00033

Conference: Fifth IFAC Symposium on Advances in Automotive Control (2007)

Location: Seascape Resort, USA

Start Date: Mon Aug 20 2007 - End Date: Wed Aug 22 2007

Authors: Choi, T. Gabriel, Marusiak, Jeffrey, Neal, John, Guezennec, Yann, Rizzoni, Giorgio, Choi, Woongchul, Panzeri, Carlo

Abstract: In the context of rapidly diminishing petroleum supplies, significant changes in both technology and classes of vehicle will need to emerge. It is conceivable to fragment the passenger vehicle market into 3 broad classes: general purpose vehicles as defined today, commuter vehicles with limited range for daily commute and urban-only vehicles restricted to transportation in downtown areas, etc. In this paper, we focus on this last class of vehicles and present a methodology used in the design and optimisation of a light duty FC hybrid Neighbourhood Electric Vehicle. By systematically characterizing and analysing the driving patterns for the vehicle, extensive simulations were used to optimise the powertrain topology and the component sizing. Further optimisation was performed to derive control strategies and control parameters to minimize the fuel consumption, yielding equivalent fuel consumption of the order of 100 MPGGE under urban driving conditions in a 2 passenger vehicle. The simulations and analysis were verified on a laboratory test bench and the complete vehicle architecture was implemented with off-the-shelf technology into a vehicle which has the potential of being commercializable. While this vehicle is only a prototype, this demonstration project shows the great potential for such special purpose vehicles for clean and efficient urban transportation.

Keywords: fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle (FC HEV),personal commuting vehicle

Identifier: 10.3182/20070820-3-US-2918.00071

Conference: Fifth IFAC Symposium on Advances in Automotive Control (2007)

Location: Seascape Resort, USA

Start Date: Mon Aug 20 2007 - End Date: Wed Aug 22 2007

Authors: Yi, Kyongsu, Moon, Seung-Wuk, Lee, In-Sik, Um, Jae-Yong, Moon, Ilki

Abstract: This paper describes design of a full-range ACC (Adaptive Cruise Control) with collision avoidance braking. The control scheme is designed to control the vehicle so that it would feel natural to the human driver and passengers during normal safe driving situations, to completely avoid collision in vehicle following situations and to reduce the severity of collisions in unexpected emergency situations. Driving situations are determined by using a non-dimensional warning index and time-to-collision (TTC). The proposed control scheme can provide natural following performance similar to human manual driving in both high speed driving and low speed stop-and-go situations and can prevent vehicle collision in dangerous traffic situations such as severe braking of the preceding vehicle during a vehicle following situation.

Keywords: adaptive cruise control,stop-and-go,collision avoidance,warning index,time to collision

Identifier: 10.3182/20070820-3-US-2918.00019

Conference: Fifth IFAC Symposium on Advances in Automotive Control (2007)

Location: Seascape Resort, USA

Start Date: Mon Aug 20 2007 - End Date: Wed Aug 22 2007

Authors: Kern, Joshua V., Ferris, John B.

Abstract: The principal excitation to a vehicle's chassis system is the road profile. Simulating a vehicle traversing long roads is impractical and a method to produce short roads with given characteristics must be developed. An autoregressive model of non-stationary road profile data has been developed previously. This work examines the residual process of such an ARIMA model. Statistical techniques are developed and used to examine the distribution of the residual process and the preliminary results are demonstrated. Implications of this work to characterizing road profiles and future studies are discussed.

Keywords: ARMA,parameter estimation,probability,inputs,synthesis,stochastic modelling,characteristic

Identifier: 10.3182/20070820-3-US-2918.00052

Conference: Fifth IFAC Symposium on Advances in Automotive Control (2007)

Location: Seascape Resort, USA

Start Date: Mon Aug 20 2007 - End Date: Wed Aug 22 2007

Authors: James, Scott, Joshi, Alok A., King, Galen B., Meckl, Peter H., Jennings, Kristofer

Abstract: Charge air cooler faults in diesel engines are diagnosed following OBD standards. One charge air cooler fault occurs when debris blocks the charge air cooler. This leads to poor engine performance and emissions violations. An experiment has been designed to collect sensor data from a Cummins ISB5.9 liter diesel engine experiencing a charge air cooler fault. A symptom of the fault has been identified by analyzing the dynamics of the sensor signals using a technique called singular spectrum analysis. The resulting diagnostic strategy makes use of the oil pressure signal to generate symptoms of the charge air cooler fault.

Keywords: fault detection,diesel engines,sampled signals,signal detection

Identifier: 10.3182/20070820-3-US-2918.00043

Conference: Fifth IFAC Symposium on Advances in Automotive Control (2007)

Location: Seascape Resort, USA

Start Date: Mon Aug 20 2007 - End Date: Wed Aug 22 2007